ABSTRACT
Objective:To observe the effects of 0.01% atropine eye drops on ocular biometrics in myopic adolescents.Methods:A prospective cohort study was conducted.Two hundred and nineteen myopic adolescents who visited the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University from June 2016 to June 2017 and completed the 1-year follow-up on time were enrolled.The 219 adolescents were divided into a 0.01% atropine+ single-vision spectacles (SV) group (119 cases) wearing single-vision spectacles with one drop of atropine eye drop applied to both eyes once nightly, and a simple SV group (100 cases) wearing SV only.Axial length (AL), corneal power and anterior chamber depth were measured with the IOLMaster.Lens power was calculated using the Bennett-Rabbetts formula.Intraocular pressure was measured by non-contact tonometry.Spherical equivalent (SE) was examined by cycloplegic autorefraction.Total astigmatism and corneal astigmatism were calculated by vector decomposition.The right eye data were analyzed to compare the ocular biometrics changes between the two groups, and multiple linear regression analysis was used to evaluate the influencing factors.This study adhered to the Declaration of Helsinki.The study protocol was approved by the Ethics Committee of First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University (No.2016-35). Written informed consent was obtained from guardians before any medical examination.Results:The SE change and AL elongation 12 months after treatment in 0.01% atropine+ SV group were (-0.47±0.45) D and (0.37±0.22) mm, respectively, which were significantly lower than (-0.70±0.60)D and (0.46±0.35)mm in simple SV group ( t=5.523, 9.651; both at P<0.001). There were significant differences in SE and AL between before and after treatment in both groups (SE: Fgroup=1.556, P=0.015; Ftime=12.538, P=0.002; AL: Fgroup=3.425, P=0.021; Ftime=18.235, P=0.008). The SE and AL at 4, 8 and 12 months after treatment were all increased in comparison with before treatment in both groups, showing statistically significant differences (all at P<0.001). The SE and AL at 8 and 12 months after treatment in 0.01% atropine+ SV group were smaller than in simple SV group, and the differences were statistically significant (all at P<0.001). At 8 and 12 months after treatment, total astigmatism and the anterior chamber depth were increased and the lens power was decreased in comparison with before treatment in both groups, and the differences were statistically significant (all at P<0.05). There was no significant difference in corneal astigmatism, corneal power and intraocular pressure at different time points before and after treatment between the two groups (all at P>0.05). In the multiple linear regression analysis, an equation of Δmyopic SE=-0.012-2.685×ΔAL-1.002×Δcorneal astigmatism-0.656×Δlens power+ 0.477×Δtotal astigmatism+ 0.363×Δanterior chamber depth-0.060×age+ 0.011×sex was used, showing the change of SE was mainly caused by the change of AL ( β=-2.685), then corneal power, lens power, total astigmatism and anterior chamber depth. Conclusions:In adolescents, 0.01% atropine eye drops can effectively retard myopia progression and axial elongation, showing no effect on astigmatism, corneal power, lens power, anterior chamber depth and intraocular pressure.The controlling effect of 0.01% atropine eye drops in the development of myopia is mainly achieved by reducing axial elongation.
ABSTRACT
Objective@#To evaluate the 1-year clinical outcome of orthokeratology contact lens wear and glasses wear for myopia in children, mainly focusing on the effects on the biological parameters of the eyeballs.@*Methods@#A randomized-controlled clinical study analyzed 200 eyes of 200 adolescent, with low and moderate myopia from January 2018 to August 2018 at Chengdu Aier Eye Hospital.The subjects were divided into an orthokeratology group and a spectacles group, 100 eyes in each group.The axial lengths (AL), central corneal thickness (CCT), anterior chamber depth (ACD), and crystalline lens thickness were measured and compared between the two groups before and 6 months, 12 months after wearing the lenses, and 1 month after stopping lens wear.This study conformed to the tenets of the Declaration of Helsinki.Written informed consent was obtained from each subject prior to entering the study cohort.The study protocol was approved by the Ethics Committee of Chengdu Aier Eye Hospital (No.[2018]01-1).@*Results@#The overall difference in AL was statistically significant in the two groups at various time points(Fgroup= 4.617, P=0.043; Ftime=10.939, P=0.023). Compared with before wearing lenses, the AL was significantly lengthened in both of the groups at 6 and 12 months after wearing lenses and 1 month after stopping lens wear (all at P<0.05). There was no significant difference in AL between 1 month after stopping lens wear and 12 months after wearing lenses in the orthokeratology group (P>0.05). Twelve months after wearing lenses, the AL increases values of the orthokeratology group were significantly lower than those of the spectacles group ([0.13±0.06]mm vs. [0.29±0.08]mm) (t=16.000, P=0.002). The differences in CCT at time points in the two groups were statistically significant (Fgroup=2.297, P=0.013; Ftime=11.219, P<0.01). At 6 and 12 months after wearing the lenses, the CCT in the orthokeratology group was significantly thinner than that before lens wear (all at P<0.05). CCT showed no significant difference between 1 month after stopping lens wear and before wearing lenses in the orthokeratology group (P>0.05). There was no statistically significanant difference in the ACD between the two groups at time points (Fgroup=4.226, P=0.051; Ftime=3.208, P=0.057). The overall differences in crystalline lens thickness at time points before and after wearing lenses in the two groups were statistically significant (Fgroup=13.13, P<0.01; Ftime=0.804, P=0.047). At 6 and 12 months after wearing the lenses and 1 month after stopping lens wear, the crystalline lens thickness in the orthokeratology group was significantly greater than that before lens wear and that in the spectacles group at the same time points (all at P<0.05). There was no significant difference in the crystalline lens thickness between 1 month after stopping lens wear and 12 months after wearing the lenses in the orthokeratology group (P>0.05).@*Conclusions@#Compared with wearing spectacles, orthokeratology lenses wear can effectively slow down the prolongation of the AL, decrease CCT reversibly and increase crystalline lens thickness in adolescent myopic subjects, but it has no significant effect on the ACD.
ABSTRACT
Objective To evaluate the 1-year clinical outcome of orthokeratology contact lens wear and glasses wear for myopia in children,mainly focusing on the effects on the biological parameters of the eyeballs.Methods A randomized-controlled clinical study analyzed 200 eyes of 200 adolescent,with low and moderate myopia from January 2018 to August 2018 at Chengdu Aier Eye Hospital.The subjects were divided into an orthokeratology group and a spectacles group,100 eyes in each group.The axial lengths (AL),central corneal thickness (CCT),anterior chamber depth (ACD),and crystalline lens thickness were measured and compared between the two groups before and 6 months,12 months after wearing the lenses,and 1 month after stopping lens wear.This study conformed to the tenets of the Declaration of Helsinki.Written informed consent was obtained from each subject prior to entering the study cohort.The study protocol was approved by the Ethics Committee of Chengdu Aier Eye Hospital (No.[2018]01-1).Results The overall difference in AL was statistically significant in the two groups at various time points (Fgroup =4.617,P =0.043;Ftime =10.939,P =0.023).Compared with before wearing lenses,the AL was significantly lengthened in both of the groups at 6 and 12 months after wearing lenses and 1 month after stopping lens wear (all at P＜ 0.05).There was no significant difference in AL between 1 month after stopping lens wear and 12 months after wearing lenses in the orthokeratology group (P＞0.05).Twelve months after wearing lenses,the AL increases values of the orthokeratology group were significantly lower than those of the spectacles group ([0.13±0.06]mm vs.[0.29±0.08] mm) (t=16.000,P=0.002).The differences in CCT at time points in the two groups were statistically significant (Fgroup =2.297,P =0.013;Ftime =11.219,P＜ 0.01).At 6 and 12 months after wearing the lenses,the CCT in the orthokeratology group was significantly thinner than that before lens wear (all at P＜ 0.05).CCT showed no significant difference between 1 month after stopping lens wear and before wearing lenses in the orthokeratology group (P＞0.05).There was no statistically significanant difference in the ACD between the two groups at time points (Fgroup =4.226,P =0.051;Ftime =3.208,P=0.057).The overall differences in crystalline lens thickness at time points before and after wearing lenses in the two groups were statistically significant (Fgroup =13.13,P＜0.01;Ftime =0.804,P =0.047).At 6 and 12 months after wearing the lenses and 1 month after stopping lens wear,the crystalline lens thickness in the orthokeratology group was significantly greater than that before lens wear and that in the spectacles group at the same time points (all at P＜0.05).There was no significant difference in the crystalline lens thickness between 1 month after stopping lens wear and 12 months after wearing the lenses in the orthokeratology group (P＞0.05).Conclusions Compared with wearing spectacles,orthokeratology lenses wear can effectively slow down the prolongation of the AL,decrease CCT reversibly and increase crystalline lens thickness in adolescent myopic subjects,but it has no significant effect on the ACD.